Remote sensing image target recognition is of greatly theoretical significance and wide application value. In recent years, Deep Learning has become a new research direction in the field of machine learning, and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a deep learning model of widely research and application. In this paper, a method of optical remote sensing image target recognition based on CNN model is proposed. Based on the traditional LeNet-5 network, ReLU activation function is used to replace the Sigmoid and tanh activation functions. Using convolutional layer unrolling technique, which makes the convolutional calculation be represented by matrix multiplication. The parameters and the structure of the CNN network are adjusted to make it optimal. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by using Quick Bird 0.6m resolution on remote sensing image.