This paper analyzes the differences in temperature observations between natural ventilation solar radiation shield and thermometer screen at automatic weather stations, utilizing parallel observation data from August 2022 to July 2023. It explores the impact of solar radiation intensity and precipitation on temperature deviations under varying temporal conditions in Hainan"s tropical region. The results indicate that both natural ventilation thermometer screens and solar radiation shields can provide reliable temperature data in tropical areas; however, there are notable discrepancies under different environmental conditions. Specifically, the average minute values and daily maximum values of temperatures recorded by solar radiation shields are approximately 0.1°C lower than those measured by thermometer screens. While solar radiation has a certain influence on temperature measurements from both systems, this effect is not pronounced. During significant temperature fluctuations (such as afternoon rainfall), larger deviations in temperature were observed; specifically, the rate of decrease in temperature for the solar radiation shield was greater than that for the thermometer screen, resulting in a lagging response of the latter to changes in ambient conditions.