The fingerprint image has a direct influence on the reliability of the fingerprint identification system, and the way of evaluating the quality of the fingerprint image effectively can wisely eliminate the low quality of image to improve the correctness of the system. According to the laws of the periodic alternation rule of the fingerprint image, an algorithm using the way of Image cooccurrence matrix and fast Fourier transform to estimate the quality of a fingerprint image is put forward. An image quality score is given by assessing the local and global information. The algorithm is applied in double fingerprint identification system, and the experimental result come from FVC2004DB1_B fingerprint database show that this method can accurately assess the quality of a fingerprint image and improve the reliability of the fingerprint identification system.